PPARγ Transcription Factor Assay Kit - 96 wells

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand-activated nuclear receptors. Three PPAR subtypes have been identified: α, β (also called δ and NUC1) and γ. PPARγ is the most widely studied PPAR and exists in two protein isoforms (γ1 and γ2) due to use of an alternative promoter and alternative splicing.1 PPARγ is primarily expressed in adipose tissue and to a lesser extent in the colon, immune system, and the retina.2 PPARγ was first identified as a regulator of adipogenesis, but also plays an important role in cellular differentiation, insulin sensitization, atherosclerosis, and cancer. Ligands for PPARγ include fatty acids, arachidonic acid metabolites such as 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-PGJ2, as well as thiazolidinediones (TZDs) which include pioglitazone and rosiglitazone.3 TZDs are potent, selective PPARγ agonists that lower the hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia and hypertriglyceridemia found in type 2 diabetic subjects.4 The use of these synthetic ligands has increased the understanding of PPARγâs mechanism of activation and subsequent biological effects. Modulation of PPARγ by TZDs (Prioglitazone and rosiglitazone) are presently used in type 2 diabetes as oral antidiabetic drugs.5 By increasing our understanding of PPARγ additional drug candidates may be identified.